Monday, December 14, 2009

Inside the Hazara Rama temple at HampiImage via Wikipedia

  1. The Vijayanagara Empire ( referred as the Kingdom of Bisnaga by the Portuguese, was a South Indian empire based in the Deccan Plateau. Established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I, it lasted until 1646 although its power declined after a major military defeat in 1565 by the Deccan sultanates.
  2. Harihara I, (1336-1356 CE) also called Hakka and Vira Harihara I, was the founder of the Vijayanagara empire. He was Bhavana Sangama’s eldest son, belonged to the kuruba clan and was founder of the Sangama dynasty, the first among the four dynasties that ruled Vijayanagara. Immediately after coming to power, he built a fort at Barkuru, on the west coast of present day Karnataka.
  3. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose impressive ruins surround modern Hampi, now a World Heritage Site in modern Karnataka, India.
  4. The Sangama Dynasty was the first dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire.
  5. Vijayanagara Empire
    Sangama Dynasty
    Harihara Raya I 1336-1356
    Bukka Raya I 1356-1377
    Harihara Raya II 1377-1404
    Virupaksha Raya 1404-1405
    Bukka Raya II 1405-1406
    Deva Raya I 1406-1422
    Ramachandra Raya 1422
    Vira Vijaya Bukka Raya 1422-1424
    Deva Raya II 1424-1446
    Mallikarjuna Raya 1446-1465
    Virupaksha Raya II 1465-1485
    Praudha Raya 1485
    Saluva Dynasty
    Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya 1485-1491
    Thimma Bhupala 1491
    Narasimha Raya II 1491-1505
    Tuluva Dynasty
    Tuluva Narasa Nayaka 1491-1503
    Viranarasimha Raya 1503-1509
    Krishna Deva Raya 1509-1529
    Achyuta Deva Raya 1529-1542
    Sadasiva Raya 1542-1570
    Aravidu Dynasty
    Aliya Rama Raya 1542-1565
    Tirumala Deva Raya 1565-1572
    Sriranga I 1572-1586
    Venkata II 1586-1614
    Sriranga II 1614-1614
    Ramadeva 1617-1632
    Venkata III 1632-1642
    Sriranga III


  1. During the rule of the Vijayanagar Empire, poets, scholars and philosophers wrote in Sanskrit and the regional languages, Kannada, Telugu and Tamil and covered such subjects as religion, biography, Prabhanda (fiction), music, grammar, poetry and medicine. The Telugu language became a popular literary medium, reaching its peak under the patronage of Krishnadevaraya.

    Most Sanskrit works were commentaries either on the Vedas or on the Ramayana and Mahabharata epics, written by well known figures such as Sayana and Vidyaranya that extolled the superiority of the Advaita philosophy over other rival Hindu philosophies. Other writers were famous Dvaita saints of the Udupi order such as Jayatirtha (earning the title Tikacharya for his polemicial writings), Vyasatirtha who wrote rebuttals to the Advaita philosophy and of the conclusions of earlier logicians, and Vadirajatirtha and Sripadaraya both of whom criticised the beliefs of Adi Sankara.Apart from these saints, noted Sanskrit scholars adorned the courts of the Vijayanagara kings and their feudatory chiefdoms. Many kings of the dynasty were themselves litterateurs and authored classics such as King Krishnadevaraya's Jambavati Kalyana, a poetic and dramatically skillful work.


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