Brief Summary of the Malaviya Ji’s Life
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25.12.1861
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Born in Allahabad
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1878
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Marriage with Kundan Devi in Mirzapur
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1884
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B.A. from Calcutta University
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July 1884
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Teacher in Allahabad District School
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December 1886
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2nd Congress in Calcutta
under chairmanship of Dadabhai Nouroji. Speech on the issue of representation
in Councils
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July 1887
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Editorship of the Hindosthan in Kalakankar.
Founding conference of Bharat Dharma Mandal
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July 1889
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Leaving editorship joins LL.B. in
Allahabad
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1891
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Passing LL.B. starts practice in
Allahabad District Court
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December 1893
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Practice at Allahabad High Court
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March 1898
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Submits memorandum about Hindi to U.P.
Lt. Governor
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1902-1903
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Construction of Hindu Boarding House in
Allahabad
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1903-1912
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Service to province as member of
Provincial Council
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1904
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Proposal of establishing university
under chairmanship of Kashi Naresh
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January 1906
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Convened Sanatan Dharma Mahasabha on
Kumbha in Allahabad. Propagation of liberal Sanatan Dharma. Decision to open
university in Banaras
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1907
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Editorship of the Abhyudaya. Propagation
of Sanatan Dharma and democratic principles
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1909
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Editorship of the English daily Leader.
Chaired the Lahore Congress
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October 1910
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Presidential address in 1st Conference
of Hindi Sahitya Sammelan
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22.11.1911
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Formation of the Hindu University
Society
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December 1911
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At 50 gave up practice. Decision to
serve country and work for establishing the university
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February 1915
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Formation of Prayaga Seva Samiti under
his chairmanship
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October 1915
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The Banaras Hindu University Bill passed
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04 Feb- 1916
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Foundation ceremony of the university
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March 1916
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Bill against Indentured Labour system in
Councils
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1916-18
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Member, Industrial Commission
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1918
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Formation of Scout Association by Seva
Samiti
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December 1918
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Chaired Annual Congress Conference in
Delhi
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February 1919
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Debate on the Rowlatt Bill in Council.
Resignation from Council
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Nov. 1919-Sep. 1939
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Vice Chancellor, B.H.U.
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19 April 1919
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Chaired Hindi Sahitya Sammelan in Bombay
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January 1922
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Convened all party conference
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16 December 1922
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Speech on Hindu Muslim goodwill in
Lahore
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1924
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Formation of Independent Party in
District and Assembly. Satyagraha on Sangam [Confluence of rivers] in
Allahabad. Debate on the Steel Conservation Bill
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August 1926
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Formation of Congress Independent Party
with Lala Lajpat Rai
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February 1927
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Statement before Agriculture Commission
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December 1929
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Convocation address in BHU. Asked
students to serve nation and be patriot
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1930
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Resigns from Assembly. Arrested in
Delhi. Six months sentence
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5 April 1931
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Speech on Hindu Muslim Unity in Kanpur
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1931
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Took part with Gandhi in the London
Round Table Conference
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March 1932
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Formation of All India Swadeshi Union in
Banaras
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20 April 1932
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Nominated President of Delhi Congress.
Arrested
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September 1932
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Chaired meeting on emancipation of
outcasts in Bombay
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April 1932
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As Calcutta Congress President arrested
in Asansole
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August 1934
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Speech on emancipation of the outcasts
in Gandhi's meeting in Banaras
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January 1936
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Convened Sanatan Dharma Mahasabha
Conference in Allahabad. Proposal for emancipation of outcasts
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1938
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Kalpa [Ayurvedic rejuvenation therapy]
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November 1939
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Appointed life Rector of BHU
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1941
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Founded Goraksha Mandal
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January 1942
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Gandhi's convocation address on Silver
Jubilee of BHU
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12 November -1946
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Passed Away
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Brief history of the life
of Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya.
- Madan Mohan Malaviya or Mahamana Malaviya was born on
December 25, 1861 in Allahabad, in a family of six brothers and two
sisters. Malaviya's grandfather Pt. Premdhar and father Pt Baijnath were
Sanskrit scholars. His father, Pt Baijnath, was also an excellent Kathavacak (narrator of the stories from Bhagavad Gita).
- Initially, Malaviya wanted to be a good Kathavacak like his
father. However, due to poverty in the house, he was forced to join the
government school as a teacher.
- After completing his graduation and the job of a teacher in
1884, he pursued his education from 1889 and passed the LLB
course in 1891. He practiced in the district
court and then in the High Court.
- He was the Congress President for a record of four times- in 1909 (Lahore), in 1918 (Delhi), in
1930 (Delhi) and in 1932 (Calcutta). He was catapulted into the
political arena immediately after his first moving speech at the second
Congress session held in Kolkata in 1886.
Social
Works :
- Pt.
Madan Mohan Malaviya was the founder of several organisation and edited
magazines of high standard in order to promote Hindu ideals of Sanatan
Dharma, and to build India as a strong and developed country in the
world.
- For
this purpose, he founded "Prayaga Hindu Samaj", and wrote served articles
on the Contemporary issues and problems of the country.
- In
1884, he became the member of 'Hindi Uddharini Pratinidhi
Sabha'.
- In
1885, he edited 'Indian Union'
English weekly.
- In
1887, he established "Bharata Dharma
Mahamandal", to propagate Sanatan Dharma and Hindu
culture.
- He
was editor of 'Hindustan'. In
1889, he edited 'Indian Opinion'.
In 1891, he become barrister and started practicing at Allahabad High
Court. He pleaded successfully for many significant cases during these
days.
- He
left the law practice in 1913 and decided to serve the nation for
attaining freedom from British rule.
- Mahamana
was keenly interested to help the students for better learning and living
and for this sake he arranged to build a Hostel named 'MacDonnell
Hindu Hostel' at Allahabad, and in 1889, he also established
there a library.
- He
remained a member of municipality at Allahabad till 1916 and he was also
an honoured member of Indian National Congress for several years.
- In
1907, on the day of "Vasanta Panchami" he started a weekly in
Hindi, entitled 'Abhyudaya'.
- He
was also instrumental in bringing out an English Daily called 'Leader' in 1909.
After the death of his father, he decided to serve the nation in
more than one way. In 1919, at the auspicious "Kumbha" fair at
Prayaga, he started "Prayaga Seva Samiti" to serve the pilgrims. He admitted himself to the selfless action
as inspired by 'Mahabharata', the great Epic, making the following famous
shloka his mantra:
न त्वहं कामये राज्यं, न स्वर्गं न पुनर्भवम् ।
कामये दुःख तप्तानाम् प्राणिनामार्तनाशनम् ।।
This goal became an ideal slogan later on.
Making of the Banaras Hindu
University:-
- Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya was greatly inspired by Dr. Annie Besant, an Irish lady, who came to India with motive of spreading Educational Programmes.
- She
started Central Hindu College at Kamachha
in the city of Varanasi in 1889, which became the nexus of the
Banaras Hindu University later on. Pandit ji, with help of the then
Maharaja of Banaras, Sri Prabhu Narain Singh ji,
proposed to establish the University named the Banaras Hindu
University in 1904.
- In
the year 1905, this proposal got the sanction of several Hindu
organizations. On 31st Dec. 1905, in the Town Hall of Varanasi, under the
chairmanship of Sri D. N. Mahajan,
the proposal was finally approved.
- In
1911, in the association of Dr. Annie Besant, a resolution was passed to
establish "Kashi Vishva Vidyalaya", and on 28 Nov. 1911, a
society was formed to begin the work for the Banaras Hindu
University.
- On
March, 25, 1915, Sir Hurcourt Butler proposed a bill in the Imperial
legislation Council for the establishment of the University. On Oct. 01,
1915, the B.H.U. Act was passed.
On Feb. 4th, 1916, i.e. Magh Shukla Pratipada, samvat 1972, the foundation of
the Banaras Hindu University was laid down. A grand ceremony was organised to
celebrate the occasion in which several eminent personalities of India, were
present.
Mahamana's HINDU NATIONALISM !!
- Malaviya is also remembered for his stellar role in the
Independence movement and his espousal of Hindu nationalism. He was one of
the initial leaders of the right-wing Hindu Mahasabha.
- Malaviya was an important figure in
the non-cooperation movement, but he was opposed to Congress' participation in
the Khilafat movement. In April 1932, he was arrested along with 450
other Congress volunteers in Delhi while participating in the civil disobedience
movement. In the same year, he also initiated a manifesto urging the "Buy
Indian" movement in India.
- However, a disenchanted Malaviya then left the Congress party to
form the Congress Nationalist Party along with Madhav
Shrihari Aney. The party contested the 1934 elections to the central
legislature and won 12 seats. He bid farewell to active politics in
1937.
- Malaviya has also worked towards the eradication of the
caste system, and for this he was temporarily expelled from the Shi
Gaud Brahmin samaj. He even organised a mass of 200 Dalit people, including the
Dalit leader PN Rajbhoj to demand entry into the Kalaram Temple on a Rath Yatra
day
Some other miscellaneous facts ---
·
By 1918, "Prayaga Seva Samiti" founded by him took the form of an Akhil Bharatiya Seva Samiti
with centers at many places and a broad based objective of service to the
needy during Kumbh Mela, floods, earthquakes, other natural calamities. In
1918, a sub unit modelled like the ‘Boy Scouts’ was started
under the Akhil Bharatiya Seva Samiti. The main difference was that a patriotic
leader was its Chief Scout and ‘Vande Mataram’ was sung instead of the British
National Anthem. He worked for the emancipation of women.
·
Mahatama Gandhiji considered him as an elder brother and would
call Him "Maker of Modem India". Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru said, "He
was a great soul, one Of those who laid foundation of Modern Indian
Nationalism".
·
The most important achievement in
this decade by him was to get government acceptance of use of devanagari script in court
works.
·
Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first
President of the Republic of India, wrote at the time of Malviya’s death,
"A great soul has left us. His name and work would inspire future
generation and give – message that for a determined person nothing is impossible.
His service to nation is beyond words. The vacuum created by his death can't be
filled. He was a real patriot".