| ANTIPODES | A region or place on the opposite side of a point on the earth. |
| ANTICYCLONES | Winds which blow outward from the center. |
| APHELION | Position of the earth in its orbit when is at the maximum distance from the sun. |
| ARCHIPELAGO | A cluster of islands, e.g., Pearl Islands in the Gulf of Panama. |
| ATOLL | Coral reef resembling a horse shoe, enclosing a lagoon. |
| AXIS | An imaginary line joining north and south poles. |
| AVALANCHE | A vast mass of snow mixed with earth or stones. |
| BIOSPHERE | Animate or inanimate organic kingdom on earth. |
| CANYON | A deep valley cut by a river through a mountain region, e,g., the Grand Canyon of the Colarado river in the USA. |
| CONTINENTAL SHELF | Land adjoining a continent submerged in the sea. |
| CYCLONES | A low pressure system area in which the wind blows spirally inward. |
| CROP ROTATION | Growing different crops needing different minerals for their growth in the same piece of land in order to get more yield. |
| DATE LINE | An imaginary line pointing north-south approximating to the Meridian 180 (east or west) where the date changes by one day the moment it is crossed. |
| DELTA | Alluvial deposit shaped like Greek letter, formed at the mouth of the river, where it falls into the sea, e.g., the Sunderban delta. |
| DEW | Condensed atmospheric water vapours due to the cooling of the air. |
| DRY FARMING | Growing of crops in low rainfall areas by moisture conservation, crop rotation but without irrigation. |
| EQUATOR | An imaginary line dividing the earth into two equal parts. |
| EQUINOXES | The day on which nights and days are of equal duration, e.g., March 22 and September 23. |
| EROSION | Wearing away of the earth's land surface by rain, wind, water, etc. rendering the land infertile. |
| ECLIPSE | When one earthly body obscures another one partially or completely. |
| FOG | When the atmospheric moisture touches cold earth and condenses on dust particles. |
| FROST | When the atmospheric moisture deposits in the shape of icy flakes on the exposed objects or near the ground due to below freezing point temperature. |
| HIGH SEAS | The parts of the sea which do not come under the territorial jurisdiction of the nations. |
| ICEBERG | Huge mass of ice separated from glacier in the polar regions. These masses of ice float in the oceans with 9 parts submerged in the ocean and one part visible. |
| ISOBARS | Lines on the map connecting the places of the same pressure. |
| ISOTHERMS | Lines on the map joining the places of the same temperature. |
| ISTHMUS | Narrow neck of land joining two land areas. |
| KUNDAN | Anew variety of wheat which gives high yields in both rained and irrigated tracts and responds well to low dose of water and fertiliser. |
| LAGOON | A shallow stream of water at the mouth of a river enclosed bu dunes of river silt. |
| LIGHT YEAR | The distance traveled by light in one year. It is equal to 9.4*10612 km. |
| LOCAL TIME | Time calculated from the sun at noon at any place of earth. |
| MERIDIAN | Imaginary line joining north and south poles and cutting the equator at right angles. |
| MIST | It is just like fog but contain more moisture. |
| OASIS | A part of the desert where water and vegetation are found. |
| ORBIT | The path of the heavenly bodies. |
| PYGMALLION POINT | The southernmost point of India, 700 km away from mainland India. |
| PRAIRIES | Smooth, treeless, green plain of Central and North America. |
| REEF | Jutting of rock or shingle or sand at just above or below sea level. |
| SAVANNA | Land covered with natural grass. |
| SIDEREAL DAY | Time taken by the earth to rotate once round its axis. |
| SNOW LINE | Altitudinal line along which the area remains snow clad. |
| SPRING TIDES | Higher tides in the ocean caused by the sun and the moon together. When the sun, the earth and the moon are positioned in a straight line. |
| NEAP TIDES | Tides caused by the differences of the forces exerted by the moon and the sun when both are at right angles to each other. |
| TORNADO | A brisk and violent storm generally having rotator motion. |
| TUNDRAS | Peripheral area of Arctic ocean. |
| TYCOON | Violent hurricane in China Sea. |
| WEATHER SATELLITE | Artificial satellite designed to forecast weather. |
| WESTERLIES | Constant winds blowing from south-west in the northern hemisphere and north-west in south hemisphere. |
